The animated history segment, in which the history of Christmas is likened to a carnival and a professor dispenses excellent historical bon-moterie.
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Outside an immense public library, then a surreptitious glide through its stacks, past people hunched in scholarship or just dozing. Carson sits at the end of a long wooden table absorbed in one of several large books. You wonder who’s holding the camera.
He turns from his book to the camera, keeping his voice library safe: “It’s not like I expect to find the underlying meaning of Christmas. If there is one. I really don’t want to find subversive plots, or Free Masonry.” Someone shushes him. “But they’re probably there.”
He returns to his books, as we see close up faces of people shopping, walking, and otherwise interacting – or not – with the Christmas season in New York.
Over which Carson states his general belief about Christmas: that when it arrives, it comes to town and takes over like an ancient, unwieldy carnival with broken and amazing attractions either arcane, pigheaded, banal, sentimental, exhaustively cloying, vividly religious, or charlatan. And the townspeople are delighted, annoyed, suspicious, rambunctious or avoid it altogether.
“Assuming they even understand what they’re looking at –” says Carson “and I can’t imagine we the townspeople really do – because the attractions were conceived in 2000 BC Assyria, or 900 AD Saxony, or 50 BC Rome, light years away in culture and consciousness. Without any attic cleaning in 4000 years, the workers still faithfully unpacked and set up the attractions even with bewildering non-meaning in the 21st century. You'll see it this year even.“
He gets up from the library table, walks camera right behind a bookcase, and we track sideways with him. When Carson and camera emerge on the other end of the bookcase, we are suddenly not in the library any more but in a rotoscoped, animated world of the academy: with books, stained glass, an oak desk, and a rotoscoped, talking head professor: K.L. Wolfram of Parson’s Christ College, East Anglia. Sleepy eyes, tall seacliff forehead, overmanaged hair and a pirate’s beard. This is Why Do You Hate Christmas?’s animated history segment.
“Religions love – even demand – holidays,” Prof. Wolfram says. “Not just to celebrate. They punctuate important events and principles of their belief. Because beliefs are abstract. Humans are very good conceiving them. But the one thing we can’t make up: the cycles of the year.”
The professor elaborates over time lapse photography, images free of animation: orchards blooming; red buds shouldering their way out of green pods; wheat fields of green wiggling shoots which then ripen, turn golden, collapse then turn fallow gray; a river swelling, meandering messily over plains, then shrinking to a single cold blue artery; the skirt of sunlight drifting across the earth.
“The earth spins in one direction," he says. "It tilts up part of the time. Tilts down another part of the time. These are occurrences we can’t do anything about it. That we can rely on them, when everything else is seemingly chaotic, is actually a great relief to us. A cause for celebration. And most religions find a way to relate their eternal beliefs to the eternal events of nature. See that tree blossoming again? It’s like ... God.” Wolfram reverently lifts his face to the sky and opens his hands solemnly. He evidently loves talking about these things.
“Obviously religions have grown more sophisticated than simply celebrating agriculture,” he says. “They can ascend the heavens with wondrous moral abstraction. But their calendars can’t. They stay firmly on the ground.
“So when a linear, narrative religion like Christianity comes along, a religion that commemorates and expands upon a single historical event, an exclusively human event at that, it has to be very creative to spread its roots into the eternally cyclical cosmos.”
Professor Wolfram holds up a finger. “First it has to acknowledge that events like seasons, solstices and equinoxes occur, even though they are outside of Christian influence. Then it has to accept these events are natural causes for celebration and reflection." He holds up a second finger. "Then they have to apply a second celebration, a doppelganger of doctrine onto them. The vernal equinox is no longer just a happy occasion signally that spring is here. The feast should be with unleavened bread for Passover, and you should celebrate life after death, because it’s Easter.”
A parade of Terry Gillliam-esque cut outs of paintings by Rubens, El Greco, Titian. “In the case of Christmas," the professor continues, "you have a celebration of the virgin birth. A necessary doctrine to celebrate if there was one.
"Locating the right date on the calendar for that is the trick – maybe May 11th or August 19th or February 2nd. But the early church chose decisively. Their date, December 25, is marksman precise: exactly nine months from the day of conception, March 25. And March 25th? That comes from the gospels which say the Virgin Mary was told of her conception, The Annunciation, exactly six months after St. John the Baptist was conceived. Though the gospels don't actually say March 25, because that day didn't exist, as we know it."
“Well, John the Baptist has to be born first,” a rotoscoped Carson agrees. “But so what?”
“That's right. That is a dogmatic detail which gets lost in a cyclical calendar. But note ...”
An animated earth spins lazily in its orbit warming itself in the sun, assuming the different colors of the seasons – white, green, yellow, orange – as it spins, orbits and leans forward and back.
“...When these events occur, give or take a couple of days. Conception of John the Baptist, September 25. Conception of Jesus, March 25. Nativity of John the Baptist, June 24. Birth of Jesus, December 25. Equinoxes and solstices. Arrivals of the seasons. Tilts of the earth. Always known and celebrated and as the word of Christianity spreads, now endowed with doctrinal ... ornamentation.”
Still on the animated earth, we descend through the atmosphere to the Northern Hemisphere and the monthly grids of a calendar impose themselves over the contours of plains, valleys, farms and orchards. Professor Wolfram continues.
“As far as Christian doctrine is concerned, these days remain fundamental, but no one since early medieval times has celebrated the conception or the nativity of John the Baptist, if they ever did. The Feast of the Annunciation officially takes second chair to Easter, which moves according to the moon and the vernal equinox. Just as Passover does, its ecumenical partner.”
“Changing the times when the Annunciation is actually celebrated,” Carson adds.
“Right. But as far as Christmas is concerned, the church is unambiguous about this. December 25 is the birthday of Jesus Christ. A quiet time for meditation and reverence, unfortunately set amidst all the frivolity already going on.”
“It probably goes without saying they would just as soon not have this day mixed in with the solstice, Saturnalia, the holly and the oak, or other festivals of light. And yet, nothing is more Christian than Christmas – not just because of the doctrine it celebrates, but because they are both a riot of ancient symbolism, with admixtures of superstition and folk-lore.”
Two hands open a book and up pop concentric circles of carnival tents, with little banners fluttering, pitched on an anonymous golden field of yesteryear.
Declares Carson: “Or, as I see it, Christmas is when the freaky circus comes to town.”
We look over the settlement of tents as an eagle soars up to us and, over a long drumroll and a jumbling dixieland march, brings us down into the grassy byways of the carnival where we dive in and out of tents whose names, and corresponding sounds, pass like the Greatest Hits of Christmas: The Grinch. Christmas Decorations (the tent is decorated like the midnight sun of an overly decorated suburban home, its electricity humming and fizzling). The North Pole, with Rudolph and Mrs. Claus baking a cake. Santa Claus. Kris Kringle on 34th Street. Home Before Christmas and the silhouette of a soccer match on a blasted no man’s land. A Christmas Carol with Tiny Tim, who waves and says, “ ’ello.” Thomas Nast’s Jolly Old Saint Nick.
And so on: Christmas Tree. Twelve Days of Christmas (a visit to Sir Toby Belch and partridges in a pear tree). Yule (logs, goats). Noel. Krampus or Knecht Ruprecht (resembling a hooded Rupert Murdoch, scaring the children). St. Nicholas (the Ottoman). Wassail, and then (my favorite) Holly Ivy and Mistletoe, inside of which the dixieland music peters out, presenting us with the peace of a winter forest, ripening with poisonous red berries. Quickly torn by the violent dueling of two creatures – one a stout, golden tree-man, the other a frail green, holly-shrubbed knight – in a bloody broad sword grudge match that escalates with the oaktree’s consummating fury into a chainsaw shearing of the holly-knight, whose collapsed, mangled body is carried away by an entourage of Burgess Meredith looking wrens, leaving blood spattered berry imprints on the snow. The buff, victorious oaktree, arms raised like Ben Roethlisberger, turns to a shivering unimpressed maiden who’s evidently seen it all. “Heh heh heh,” he says.
Seeing this the eagle also rolls his eyes, shrugs and takes off out of the forest tent as the voice of Professor Wolfram returns. “When we celebrate Christmas or, if you like, Christianity itself, we are celebrating an accumulation of traditions sprung up throughout Semitic Asia and Bronze Age Europe over the last 3- to 4,000 years. To the Romans and Jews at the time, Christianity was already a modern and radical summation, or really, usurpation, of thousands of years of belief.”
The eagle flies past a tent called Sol Invictus, and then Bruma, next door to Saturnalia, whose pageant the eagle grabs with his beak before hurrying into the tent called Resurrecting Gods. Inside of which is a smoky music hall with a dozen or so rostrums and catwalks where demigods like Mithras, Osiris, Dionysus, Adonis, Tammuz and Odin live, die and are reborn with great heaving melodrama.
“If we talk about Christmas as a Christian holiday,” Professor Wolfram continues, “we may believe we are first talking about the birth of Jesus. But if we believe Jesus is the Son of God, then we are celebrating the birth of a god as a man. Who will live and die and be resurrected.”
The eagle plants his Roman pageant in the center and flies out the rear of the tent to pink fields of early morning sunlight. In a just a few wingthrusts, he’s over a sunny-hued alluvial marsh, flapping leisurely past Sumerians collecting wheat grasses from the muck.
“That was already an idea with a great deal currency among the people living along the Nile, the Tigris, the Euphrates, and the Jordan rivers. Where the actions of nature, first the floods then the food and then the fallow – the giving and the taking – were one and the same. The Son of God must die, we eat him to live, so we celebrate his birth.”
As the eagle quickly swerves away from the lunging jaws of a crocodile. He climbs for a moment into the fat glow of Mesopotamian sunlight, before banking to his right and plunging toward a carnival tent on the riverbank outside of which a sign says: “Exit to Land of Ice and Snow.” In we go.
“But the agricultural deism of Christ, an inspiration in the south, is less meaningful in the north where the waxing and waning of sunlight is more obvious and crucial.”
We come out in the somber half-light of snow heavy pine forests and a frigid grayiced lake. A glimpse to the west: the limp, light-worn sun slipping into a crease of horizon and taking its light with it.
“Here,” the professor explains, “it makes sense to proclaim that Christ is the light of the world, born at the darkest time of the year, the same moment when the sun returns. Birth and resurrection are the same. Only the causes are different.”
The world is dark, windy, primitive outside a tent that turns out not to be a tent, but the stone entrance to an earthen mound, dark and foreboding.
“Here,” Prof. Wolfram excitedly proclaims, “in the beginning was death.”
We pan right to a raging storm lashing trees, howling over figures in deer and bearskin trudging through snow. One of the men lifts his icycle-ringed eyes – the drudgery of life – just in time to see the hallucinatory Wilde Jagd screech, approaching. Vicious undead black riders atop blank eyed black horses and dogs seething with spittle sweep overhead, their host always just emerging from the churning clouds of the nightstorm, chasing a hapless fat soul with fat dangling breasts driven mad by fear of death.
Seeing this, our Germani’s eyes pop out of his skull with shards of ice flying, his eyes waggling with horror on their stiff optical nerves just like his tongue. But too late. The host of the Wild Hunt blinks his sappy eyes with predatory recognition, then turns on us and our Germani. We flee, until we come to the stone bower – trapped! Terrified, our poor hunter literally melts in fear like syrup down the mound wall and we escape inside at the last second. Only to see a cold stone tomb at rest.
“The only salvation,” the professor says, “and I chose this word pointedly, is the winter solstice. Whoever noticed this, that at some predictable time the days begin to be longer, the nights a little shorter, and could prove to others that this was so, every year at the same time – undoubtedly made everyone very happy. So when that shortest day arrives, it’s worth celebrating.”
Inside the stone bower, the tip of early morning sunlight breaks over the horizon and reaches its fingers into and along the stone walls. We walk outside and while the winter sunlight now makes the forest sweet and gentle, our Germani man looks down and lo! his death shroud has slipped down to his hairy ankles.
“When the church chose, or simply allowed Christmas to be celebrated at the winter solstice, it also allowed all the prevailing symbols and legends of a post-Ice Age northern Europe in to the party.”
Horrified anew, he grabs the only living thing at hand and covers his undelineated privates. Our illustrator’s hand scrawls “Holly” adding a helpful pointing arrow – there’s a pause – and our benighted Germani shrieks in pain. A stagemanager’s arm reaches frame left, swaps out the holly with a yellowish wad of mistletoe, shoves the holly on top of his head like a victorious wreath, picks him up by the scruff of his neck and tosses him onto an enormous stone ceremonial table filled with roasts, drinking vessels and a couple of mini-torches. Our Germani reclines like Titian’s Venus d’Urbino, the center of the pagan solstice celebration as cardinals and other birds land on him and peck at the mistletoe berries. He eats and drinks like a slob.
“What’s the end of the story?” Carson asks.
“I suppose you could say the north eventually grew queasy at the thought of eating the agricultural flesh of the eucharist and created its own version of Christianity. The center of power and influence drifted north and European culture spread around the globe. Creating strange abstractions in the southern hemisphere of Christmas trees in summer and elves on the beaches of Copacabana.”
Curtains slide across our feasting Germani, turning into canvas flaps as we retreat out of a tent festooned with candy canes, horns, angels, tinsel while reindeer graze and goats prance outside and the Germani, in beach shorts and shades emerges like a fat banker on holiday, sitting in a recliner as bikinied girls with Santa hats toss a beach ball under palm trees stringed with colored lights shaped like candleflames.
“On the one hand,” Professor Wolfram concludes, “Christmas has proven remarkably resilient mingling traditions of faith and temporality, desert and forest, rain and snow, sunlight and darkness, birth and death.
“But on the other, one has to wonder. The impulse to make Christmas everything to everyone, there at the beginning, at once a time to make merry and a religious observance, still churns away, blooming in unheard of places, in a mild confusion of intent. Leaving some of us every year to scratch our heads, bemused, and ask: what are we doing here again?”
/continued
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Next: Evangelocalism and Christmas with Carson's mother
"The Holly King" © CMMartin 2011